Wrench.



Patented Nov. 5, I90I.

F. G. DAVISUN.

WRENCH.

(Application filer; June 18, 1901.)

(No Model.)

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UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK G. DAVISON, OF BROOKLYN, NE\V YORK.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 685,976, dated November 5, 1901. Application filed June 18,1901. Serial No. 65,004. (No model.)

T0 (4% whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK G. DAVISON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a full and complete specification, such as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The object of my invention is to provide a nut-wrench with adjustable jaws of a new and improved form having few parts and of extremely cheap and simple construction and operation.

To such ends my invention consists in substance of a hollow handle, two jaw members reciprocating in the handle, forced together by the side walls of the handle when drawn within the same and automatically forced apart when forced out of the handle by a device located between them, a screw in actuating connection with the inner face of the jaw members, and a knurled thumb-nut mount: ed upon the screw and extending outward through the casing.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which like letters of reference designate corresponding parts in the several views, Figure 1 is a view of my improved adjustable wrench, the hollow handle being partially shown in section in order to more clearly show the working mechanism. Fig. 2 is a side View in perspective of such wrench. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of the upper portion of a wrench of slightlymodified form of construction from that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail View of the screw, the upper head portion of the same being shown in section, so as to show the square shank below the head; and Fig. 5 is a bottom View of the screw H shown in Fig. 4..

To form my adjustable wrench I provide a hollow handle A, formed of any suitable material, usually of malleable cast-iron, forming a tube wider in cross-section in one direction than the other at the top end and narrowing down to form a smaller handle portion-B. Fitting into the upper larger end of the hollow or tubular handle and extending down into the same, usually about one-half the length thereof, are jaw members 0, so formed at the top that when fitted together in the a handle a wrench-receiving orifice D will be formed between them, and such jaw members are provided with rearwardly-extending portions E, provided at the lower end with a square-faced slot F, adapted when the two jaw members are in the handle to receive the head G of the screw H, which screw is provided with a square-faced stem portion at just below the head, which, slipping in between theinward-projecting portion f of such jaw members below the slot F, will assist in holding such screw firmly against rotation, the same being also usually formed square in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 5, and of just the same thickess as the hollow of the handie in its narrowest direction, having screw threads formed only at the corners, as shown at S in Fig. 5, and when so formed the square face abutting against opposite sides of the casing-wall will prevent rotation of the screw, and the shank n may or may not be formed square; but I prefer to make the head of the shank and the body of the screw all of square form. a

The narrowest walls of the handle a short distance below the top on the inner side are provided with similar oppositely-faced shoulders 7, formed on the outer edges of the lower portion E of the jaw members O, which coact to prevent such members frombeing forced out of the handle beyond a certain point by the revolution of the knurled thumb-nut K, mounted upon the screw H, which lies between inwardly-projecting nut-securing lugs is, formed integral with the end walls of the hollow handle at the point shown, the side walls being provided with slots located between the two pairs of lugs, through which the knurled nut projects, as shown in Fig. 2, to permit manipulation thereof by the fingers.

Formed on the inner abutting edges of the rear extension E of each ofth'e jaw members 0 a short distance below the jaw-lug is a cavity, chamfer, or slot L, usually of the curved form shown, coacting together to form a spring-cavity to hold a spring 0, provided with the upper elongated split portion W and the lower substantially circular eye portion N. In some cases instead of a spring 0 a pin 0 is passed through the cavity L, as shown in Fig. 3, and riveted down on either end outside the handle, the cavity L in such case being of the same curve on either side as is the outside edge of the lower portion E of the jaw members, and by this arrangement it will be seen that the jaw members 0 can be removed from the handle only by removing the pin, whereas in the construction shown in Fig. 1 this may be done by pressing such jaw members together and screwing the nut K completely off from the screw H, when the jaws can be drawn out, taking with them the sIcrew, and the nut K will slip out of the slot It will be seen that the parts being in the position shown in Fig. 1 and the knurled nut K being rotated so as to force the screw H upward, and the head of such screw being held against rotation in the slot formed to receive it between the lower extensions E of the jaw members, that this will force such members out of the handle A, that the spring 0, (or pin O,) lying between them near the top, will force such jaw members apart into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 to any desired extent to fit the nut desired to be rotated, and that upon the reversal of this movement the jaw members will be drawn into the casing and forced together to fit a smaller sized nut. The upper portion of the handle A flares on the side, as shown at a, with a flare that is of the same curve as the outer sides of the lower portion E of the jaw members, and against this flare such sides are normally forced by the spring, so that the jaw members are held rigidly in the handle. The parts being disconnected, to assemble the same the jaw members are placed together in proper position, the spring is inserted in place between them, the screw H is inserted in the slot to receive it, and the combined screw, jaws, and spring are then insorted in the handle A and forced down therein, and just before the screw H reaches the slot the knurled nut K is passed therethrough, and as the jaws are pressed fartherdown by the rotation of the nut thesame is secured upon the screw H, and then the parts will be in the position shown in Fig. 1. The assembling of the pin-locked form (shown in Fig. 3) differs only in that the pin 0 is passed through the holes formed to receive it and riveted down after the insertion of the jaw members, as above described.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A wrench comprising a hollow tubular handle, the hollow of which flares in one plane outwardly, jaw members coacting to form an adjustable nut-cavity the outer sides of which jaw members within the handle have the same curve as the flare of the handle, a spring normally forcing the jaw members apart so as to increase the size of the nut-cavity between the jaw members, a screw in actuating connection with the jaw members, and a rotating nut mounted upon the screw and adapted to be actuated from the exterior of the casing, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a wrench the combination with a hollow tubular handle of the same thickness throughout in one plane and flaring in a plane at right angles thereto, of jaw members 0 having the rearwardly-extending portions E provided on their inner abutting edges at the upper end with chamfers coacting to form a spring-cavity adapted to receive a spring to normally force such jaw members apart, like slots or chamfers formed in the lower end of the portions E coacting to form a screw-head cavity, a screw having a head adapted to fit such cavity below which is a square shank coacting with a portion of the members beyond the cavity to prevent the rotation of the screw, a slot I in each of the side walls of the tubular handle, and a thumb-nut K located in such slot projecting beyond the side wall of the handle coacting with the screw to reciprocate the jaw members, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a wrench the combination with a hollow tubular handle provided at the upper end with an outwardly-flaring portion provided at the bottom with inwardly-faced shoulders R,-jaw members located in the casing provided with outwardly-faced similar shoulders r, a screw square in cross-section provided with corner-threads only in connection at the bottom with the two jaw members, nuts securing flanges 7t extending within the casing, slots in the casin g in the side walls of the handle between the nut-securing lugs, a knurled thumb-nut located between the nut-securing lugs mounted upon a screw extending through the slots in the casing and means for causing the upper ends of the jaw members to be forced apart as they are forced out of the handle by the rotation of the thumb-nut, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of the subscribing witnesses, this 17th day of June, 1901.

FRANK G. DAVISON.

Witnesses:

F. A. STEWART, F. F. TELLER. 

